The chronicles of King Wang Chuon only state that King Ponhea Krek or Brahmakel or King Sandhapa Anuracha summoned a fortune teller to give a prediction. He wanted to know if there was a person who would come to usurp his throne. After carefully analyzing and drawing the fortune teller, the fortune teller told the king: “The Blessed One
was born into a royal family. Now the Blessed One is 7 years old and lives as an ordinary citizen in a remote area of the kingdom. This Blessed One may come to usurp the throne. This Blessed One has the mark of the gong on his palms and the mark on his feet.
Upon hearing this prophecy, King Brahmakel or King Sandapa Anuracha was filled with fear and anxiety, fearing that he would lose his kingdom and wealth. He ordered all his ministers and soldiers to search everywhere to find the Blessed One, but no one could find out where the Blessed One was. King Punkhrek or Brahmakel or King Sandapa Anuracha ordered all the boys from all the provinces in the kingdom, who were seven years old, to come and do the experiment, testing their hands, feet, and legs on the flour that was placed in the jar. Any boy who did not leave a mark on the flour jar was released and was allowed to return to his home. As we mentioned in the beginning, King Chakpo, the 16th king of Cambodia, had a wife named Neak Meang Keo. She became pregnant in the year 1544 B.E., which is 1000 CE, during the time when the Khmer Rouge rebelled, raised an army to attack and seize the throne. On that occasion, the princess disguised herself as an ordinary villager, secretly fled from the capital to live in the countryside, far from her own people. The princess was raised by two grandmothers, Takhe and Yay Lek, who took her in to raise her, protect her, and help her hide her from the eyes and noses of the Khmer Rouge. In the month of Meak, year 1545 B.E., which is 923 CE, 363 CE, and 1001 CE, the princess gave birth to a son, who was bright and beautiful and had the marks of the Khmer Empire on his hands and feet, which indicated that he was a blessed person.
Grandmother Takhe loved and cared for Princess Kaew and the baby as if they were her own children and grandchildren. One day, Grandmother Takhe and Princess Kaew took their son to harvest rice. When they arrived at their work site, they took their son and laid him under the shade of a tree. Being so busy with their work, they did not pay attention to the baby who was under the hot sun. At that moment, a wonderful sight that they had never seen before and had never seen before occurred: “A flock of eagles and many birds flew down, surrounded the city, protecting the baby from the sun’s heat. Takhe saw this and was terrified. He ran as fast as he could, chasing the flock of birds and animals. Takhe tried to check if the baby was in danger or had any injuries, but he did not see anything that was alarming. On the contrary, the baby seemed to receive the peace and unblemished care of the flock of birds. This miraculous reason caused Princess Kaew, Takehe and Yaya Lek to name the baby Bird of the City.
However, according to the genealogy of the Kok Kak, it is known that the wife of King Chakrapotra was pregnant when the king of the Khmer Empire launched an army to attack and seize the kingdom. The princess fled and hid in remote villages and remote areas. Then she gave birth to a son. But the name of this son is not known. When the son grew up, he had a wife. The wife was pregnant for 10 months during the reign and the time when King Ponhea Krek or Brahmakel or King Sandapa Anuracha summoned astrologers to predict the future of the Blessed One. At that time, the son also died, but they did not know for any reason. According to the Teukvil genealogy, this son was named Ponheapich. His mother, the queen of King Chakrapot, was named Neak Maneang Tong. Ponheapich's wife was named Neak Maneang Tep.
When King Ponheapich, or Brahmakel, or Sandha Anuracha, predicted that the Blessed One would be born in the royal family in the 10th month, he ordered his army to gather all the women in the kingdom who were 10 months pregnant and kill them so that none would be left. The executioners cut the women in three parts, one on the neck and one on the stomach.
Neak Maneang Tep, who had hidden in the Stuang region at that time, did not escape the disaster. The princess was captured by King Cham Sentra, a Cham king who had been a Khmer vassal since the reign of King Thong Neang or King Komerach, the first Khmer king in the country of Stoung, and presented to the king. The king ordered the executioners of the Cham king to execute her without mercy. The place where the executioners killed the princess was located south of Kampong Preah Chin (1) and west of King Cham Sentra’s palace. When the executioners cut into the princess’s belly, the baby ran up to her mother’s chest. When the executioners left, the baby fell out. At that moment, many eagles and birds flew in large numbers, flying over the city to protect it. Some other animals spread their wings under the baby to prevent it from touching the ground. Takhe, who was herding cattle nearby, saw a flock of birds flying wildly, flying wildly, flying wildly in the sky. He was curious and suspicious, and he walked to the place to look. Suddenly, he was surprised and thought about it. He was so amazed that when he saw a baby being surrounded by a flock of birds, he picked up the baby and raised it, taking care of it with utmost care and love. Takhe named the baby Bird of the City, so that it would stay with him forever.
Many years ago, King Ponhea Krek or Brahma Kel dreamed that a flying creature flew from the south and took away both of his eyes. He was terrified and worried. He summoned a fortune teller and ordered him to look at the stars. The fortune teller predicted that "The Blessed One will come to take the throne. The Blessed One is now seven years old and has the mark of a circle on his hands and feet. This circle cannot be seen with the naked eye unless you place your hands and feet on a piece of flour. Therefore, the king ordered the nobles to gather seven-year-old children from all over the kingdom to test by placing their hands and feet on a piece of flour."
Takehe had to take the city bird to the capital to experiment with it. The city bird put its hand on the flour and when it was taken back, suddenly the image of the dragonfly was stuck in the flour, causing the thousands of people to be shocked, confused, and confused. Seeing it was uncomfortable, realizing that the bad situation could bring danger, Takehe grabbed the bird, lifted it up, ran quickly, and quickly escaped from the bustling city. At that time, there were a whole flock of wild animals and birds running, gathering along the road, waiting to protect the city bird from behind. King Preah Sanda Anuracha or King Brahmakel, as soon as he received the news, immediately ordered the army to chase and capture the city bird and Takehe.
Takhe Iew, the bird, ran slowly, looking left and right, and then he was terrified when he turned around and saw the king's army chasing him. He ran into a forest, took the bird and hid it, saying, "Baphuon, be quiet and don't say anything!" Then he went out to spy on the king's army's movements. Because the bird was a man of great strength, the army of the gods chased him, but could not find him, and kept passing him by, passing him by. When the situation had calmed down a little, Takhe put the bird on his neck and ran across the field, into the small forest, into the large forest, with thick and thin forests, and returned to his home. When he got close to his house, Takhe took the bird and hid it in the bushes, saying, "Baphuon, wait here for now!".
He recounted the whole incident from beginning to end to his wife and his concubine, Keo. He also had his wife prepare food, water, and shelter for him to flee the city and stay far away in the hope of finding safety for the city watchman. When Ta Ke returned, he took the city watchman and put his bag on his neck and wandered through the fields and forests without any real destination. He came to a hill with many oleander trees. He thought it was a good place for Ta Ke and the city watchman to stop and rest. The place where the oleander trees grew later became the province of oleander, and there was a temple named Wat Doro oleander (in Nikom District, Siem Reap Province) that still exists today.
Early in the morning, Takehe led the city watchers to continue their journey. When they reached a creek, they met a young man named Chikreng who was rowing a boat to catch fish. Chikreng helped pull the boat to the other side. The creek is still called "Chikreng Creek" to this day to commemorate the history of the city watchers and Chikreng's merits.
Takehe and the city watchers continued their journey, through fields and forests, through forests and fields, until they reached a mountain. Here they met a man named Tameng. He told Tamen all the stories from beginning to end. He added, "Now, Tamen is also very strong, but he is in great trouble and hardship because he has run out of food." When Tamen heard this, he felt sorry for him and loved him and helped him hide and provide for Takehe and the city watchers. Then he went out to collect and pack rice, water, rice, fish, and meat for Takehe to use as food for his journey. The forest, the mountain, from the time of the city watchers to the present day, has been called Phnom Khao Duk, which has now become Phnom Santuk. After passing through the forest and entering the field, the grandfather and grandson stopped to rest. A group of wild animals came out to protect the city watchers. That place was also called "Kork Lamang" or Kork Preah Kang. Some people call it Kork Preah Kang because near the lake near there, when the city watchers bowed their heads and drank water, the footprints of the horseshoes were imprinted on the muddy ground.
Leaving the country of Khao Duk and reaching another field, the city watchers met a blue horse about three cubits tall. The blue horse came out and knelt down to greet the city watchers three times. The city watchers took the horse as a mount, and the grandfather walked in front to guide the way. The place where the city watchers met the horse became known as "Kork Ses."
The two of them tried to hide in the forest, desperately trying to escape. They were in deep trouble. At night, they used the forest floor as a bed, the sky as a mosquito net, and the sounds of all the animals in the deep, silent forest as a musical instrument to soothe their sorrow. They arrived at a place called Trapaing Kang Meas. Sometimes it was too late at night. The two of them stopped to rest. There were so many mosquitoes there that they could not rest. The birds in the city prayed loudly for no mosquitoes. Suddenly, the mosquitoes were so many and black that they disappeared as if they were talking. According to the genealogy of the Teuk Vil, the place was called the Golden Net of the Grandfather. King Wang Chuon's story states that the place where the birds guard the city and pray to prevent mosquitoes is called Toul Takhe, which is located in Muk Komp district, Kandal province today. Takhe and the birds guard the city kept running, day and night, not daring to stop. After a long time, they ran to the mouth of the big river, which today we Khmer people call the Mekong River. King Brahma's army
They chased after him. Both the grandfather and the grandson were in a dead end, unable to cross the water because there was no boat, unable to turn back and find another way to run. At that time, the bird, the guardian of the city, looked at the river bank, saw the sycamore tree and the fig tree, and thought to himself that if the sycamore tree bent and the fig tree came, then he would definitely be able to cross. At this point, having no other options, the bird, the guardian of the city, knelt on the ground, placed his hands on his head, and prayed, "If I am truly blessed and am to rule the kingdom, may the sycamore tree bend and the fig tree come!" Immediately, with the power of martial arts, the power of the scepter, and the magic mouth of the bird, the sycamore tree did bend and the fig tree came together, becoming a bridge as desired. The birds of the city, the city, and the city of Takhe also walked on the two trees to the other side. King Ponhea Krek's army also arrived, but they could not find them, because the trees of the city and the city of the city grew back straight as before. Because of this great miracle, that place was named "Raka Koeng" and "Lava Te", and the next day it became the residence of the village of "Raka Koeng Lva Te" until today. As for the blue horse, when it arrived at the place of Raka Koeng Lva Te, it also disappeared in a wonderful way. From that time on, the birds of the city began to believe that they were truly blessed and had great powers. The two of them traveled through the fields and forests and continued on. They arrived under a large fig tree with a bright shade. They stopped and rested on a large stone that had been placed by the deity who protected the fig tree to give to the birds of the city. That place is also called Thma Da, which is now in Prek Por commune, Srey Santhor district, Kampong Cham province.
One day, Tak He and the city watchers traveled to a hill where there was a lake. Tak He went to cut a branch of a tree and put it under it to provide shade for the city watchers. He was so tired that the city watchers fell asleep. At that moment, a flock of birds screamed in surprise and flew away. They heard a loud and angry cry. Tak He thought that the king's army had arrived and was surrounding them. Tak He was very scared and tried to run to wake the city watchers. The city watchers woke up, terrified and scared, and tried to climb the tree to look in all directions. But the city watchers did not see the king's army. They only saw a flock of animals flying. They lost their fear for a while. The city watchers got down from the branch of a tree, leaving footprints on the branches. The tree has survived to this day. The bird, who was watching the city, was angry at the king who had made him afraid of his life. He said jokingly, “When I become king, I will cut down your head to make a funeral!” (2). The hill where the king planted the tree to provide shade was called “Toul Samak Teuk Men Lik” (The Hill That Does Not Drown). Over the years, the tree grew and spread, becoming a place of worship and sacrifice, where Khmer people often come to pray in droves. This name gradually became the “Sour Lok” hill, and now it is the Suar Vihear (3).
The army of King Brahma Kel continued to pursue the city watch bird without stopping. The city watch bird and the takahe continued to escape. They traveled south to the riverbank and found delicious figs. The city watch bird picked the figs and ate them to satiate its hunger. The figs were very sweet and delicious, which made the city watch bird grow stronger. The land of the fig tree was named "Sweet Fig" and became the sweet fig tree to this day in Kandal Province.
The army of King Ponhea Krek or Brahma Kel or Sandha Anuracha, led by two generals, Chao Ponhea Chakrei and Chao Ponhea Raja Chea Setha, tracked and chased the city watch bird for three years, but still could not catch it. Not only that, the two generals lost their lives at Mount Khao Dok, losing their lives to the magic of the city watch bird. The Khmer king was very angry because his generals were unable to accept the failure, and they failed to capture and destroy the city guard bird as planned. He became even more anxious and worried, unable to close his eyes, because he was afraid that he would lose his honor, power, and royal property, and that he would become king. He decided to raise his own army to chase and kill the city guard bird, and the blessed one would be able to do so, according to the genealogy of the water cycle.
As for Takhe and the city guard bird, when they reached the river, they asked to take a boat to cross to the west side, to the island of Rissey Keo (4). At that time, the king's army also arrived. Takhe and the city guard bird ran to hide in the Royal Lake, which was full of lotuses. The king's army chased after them, following closely behind, and took elephants and cattle to walk up and down the lotus lake, breaking up the mud, and killing the city guard bird so that it would not escape. But when the elephants and cattle came to the lotus tree, where the city watchers and the hawks kept walking together, the grandfather and the grandson survived again. The lotus lake, because the cattle and elephants kept trampling it, became hard and dry. To commemorate the history of the city watchers and the hawks' struggle to escape, they named the land "Kork Trang".
The city watchers and the hawks continued their journey westward. On the way, the city watchers met a young woman with a beautiful appearance and a beautiful body that attracted love. She was drawing water. The place where they met the beautiful woman was named "Prat Neang", which became "Prat Lang".
On the way, they reached a hill, the grandfather and the grandson, who were very hungry, picked the fruit of the ogre and ate it to satisfy their hunger, and the name "Tronum Jreung" has stuck forever. After walking a little further, the city watchman and Ta Ke He were captured by the army of King Lom Chaom Chaom. The first capture site became Chaom Chaom Village. The second capture site, located nearby, became Chaom Chao Village.
In order to escape, this time, like the last time, Ta Ke He
The king's soldiers also brought elephants and cattle to trample the lake as before, but they still failed. The city guard and Takhe still escaped from the clutches of King Ponhea Krek or Brahma Kel or Sandha Anuracha. The lake was named "Bong Bok Ben", which later became "Bong Kben".
After escaping from the lake, Chao and Ta ran to hide in the dense forest nearby. The forest was called "Prey Puon", which is now "Prey Puoch" (5). The king's army was still chasing them from behind. Takhe and the city guard kept trying to escape, trying to run and escape, trying to run through the fields and into the forest to the foot of the cave mountain (6). In this mountain there was a large cave of the white mouse king. The Rat King also rescued the City Watch Bird and hid it in his cave. Suddenly, many spiders gathered to make a net, surround it, and close the mouth of the Rat King's hole. King Brahma's army arrived there, but they did not find the City Watch Bird and Takehe.
Arriving at the cave, the City Watch Bird and Takehe were blessed with sacred objects and a mysterious person who helped them take care of their belongings, supported them with guidance, taught them all kinds of arts and sciences, and helped them escape from all kinds of evil. Since then, the City Watch Bird and Takehe have lived in the cave safely, happily, without any worries or fears of King Sandha Anuracha.
Even though he knew he was a son of a king, even though he had suffered hardships, almost died, fled the country, and was robbed of his mother and children by the cruel heart of King Brahmakel, even though he knew that this king had no thoughts other than wanting power and killing the people, eliminating all those who were knowledgeable, capable, and powerful than him, even the city watchman never thought of creating a faction, a military force, or going to riot and destroy the people, causing chaos, unrest, and bloody wars in the kingdom. The city watchman had clear ideals in national affairs and understood that fighting among his brothers because of power and personal interests could bring all kinds of suffering to the people and the nation. Therefore, the city watchman refused to use personal grudges or revenge as a big deal. He was not willing to rely on or use force, force of arms to solve his own problems and seize power and the throne.
The attitude of the city guard, not waging war and causing chaos, allowed King Ponhea Krek or Brahma Kel or Sandha Anuracha to live and reign in peace and harmony until his death. Most of the chronicles wrote similar records that King Sandha Anuracha had no sons or daughters to continue the royal dynasty, which made him angry, angry, and unhappy.
In the past Khmer years, according to the Teuk Vil genealogy, the horse of King Sandha Anuracha or Brahma Kel that the old Brahman had given him died and turned into stone in the year of the Monkey King. The five kings turned into three fruits together, while the Khan and the whip were returned to their sheaths made of cloth. In the face of this unusual phenomenon, King Sandhapa Anuracha understood very clearly that his final days were coming. He was very worried and frightened, and he became very sick and could not be cured.
King Sandhapa Anuracha or Ponhea Krek or Brahmakel, the 18th Khmer king, died in the year 31 after a 20-year reign (7), according to the genealogy of Prince Wang Chuan. He did not leave behind any notable works or legacy. The genealogy of the Teuk Vil states that he had the idea of a new era, but this plan was not implemented.
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(1) Probably in Khmer, in the district of Stung, Khrung Thom province.
(2) According to my grandfather, who used to tell me the story of the city watcher when I was a child, this story was just a joke, a joke, and the city watcher never had such a bad heart. (3) = In the book Collection of Legends, Volume 5, the footnote says that Vihear Sour should not be written Vihear Sour like this.
(4) A commune in the northern part of Phnom Penh
(5) The name of the place, the village that we mentioned in passing after the city watcher ran to Koh Rissey Keo
(6) It is today's Phnom Basith, which is located about 20 km. north of Phnom Penh. Phnom Basith has two peaks, one in Makak commune, Phnom Penh district, Kandal province, and the other peak in the same Kandal province, but in Ponhea Le commune
(7) The life of King Sandhapa Anuracha or King Brahmakel is recorded differently by different genealogies.
The Enthronement of the Bird of the City
At that time, realizing that the Bird of the City was the son of the 16th King of Cambodia, and that he was also a man of great virtue, capable, compassionate, loving, and caring for the people, all the nobles and nobles in the kingdom gathered together to invite the Bird of the City from Phnom Rung to reign in the capital. The coronation ceremony of the Bird of the City as the King of Cambodia was held on an auspicious day, which was the 11th day of the month of Vesak, the year of Rong, B.E. 1572, A.D. 950, C.E. 390, A.D. 1028. At that time, the King of the City was 28 years old, and he was the 19th King of Cambodia. He received the title of Preah Bat Samdech, Kdeng Aung Pradeng Raja, the Bird of the City, the Guardian of the Nation. The Khmer capital was located in the same capital.
The King of the City covered
He ruled the country with the ten-fold royal dharma, helping to protect and save the people, monasteries and Buddhism in every direction and every corner of the kingdom. At that time, the Khmer land had a vast territory, small and large countries, near and far, respected, respected, feared and obeyed the Khmer people in general, living in a prosperous and happy environment, without war, knowing only peace, happiness and peace.
Another particularly good character and characteristic of the city watcher bird is that he was a person who valued and respected what was good. He considered good to be great and necessary in his heart. In this view and his way of life, whoever, any person, any animal or any place or land that had been kind to him in his time of need, he would not forget his kindness. Therefore, after he ascended to the throne, he gave the title of Venerable to those who had helped him in his time of need. He built many Buddhist temples to commemorate and repay the blessings of the gods, sacred objects, and places of the land that had once met, received protection, and nurtured him in times of sorrow and suffering.
King Paschim Khun built a temple named "Prasat Lalai" where he saw the victory flag of King Ponhea chasing him. Another temple named "Bakong" was built by him where Takhe took him to hide and at that time he said, "Bakong is here!". At the place where Takhe's cowshed was "Prasat Bako" that he built, which has now become Prasat Preah Ko. These temples are located in Siem Reap Province.
To honor the land of Phnom Santuk, "Phantom Santuk" and all the blessings of the gods that had once helped protect his protection, King Paschim Khun built a temple and a large Buddha image there as a place of worship. Taman, who had helped bring food, provide food, and hide the people, was appointed the governor of the province of Khao Duong forever.
At Tuol Sam Teuk Men Lik or Tuol Suar Lok, west of the hill where Tak He had previously used a branch to plant the bird to guard the city, he built a temple with a beautiful temple, which he named "Preah Suar". He also built statues of Preah Isora and Preah Narayan and placed them for worship on the hill where the branch was planted. The branch, which had grown large and had his footprints on it, was considered by him to be an omen tree for divination and to understand the future fate of the nation. He named the tree "Chrei Preah Phonol" (The Tree of Fortune). King Paschim Chamkorn, who had a divine voice, prayed fervently to God, the gods, and all the sacred objects to cause it to appear as a omen on the Chrei Preah Phonol tree or Chrei Suor and on the temple. If any important event related to the life of the Khmer people were to occur and break out, he set all the omens as 10 for the Khmer kingdom.
The first is that if the Chrei tree has good leaves that grow and spread, the king or the leader of the country will receive happiness and peace, and the country will also grow and prosper.
The second is that if the Chrei tree has bad leaves that do not fall off, the country will not have much to eat and produce. The people will be sad.
The third is that if a large number of birds come to eat the tree’s branches, the country will be surrounded by foreigners who will steal and plunder the land and produce of the Khmer people.
The fourth is that if a branch of the tree is large enough to break, a member of the royal family or the king’s family will be killed or will die.
The fifth is that if a large branch of the tree breaks, the king or the state will be killed.
The sixth is that if a snake enters a temple and crawls on the statue or on the roof of the temple, foreigners from other countries will come and invade and rob the Khmer people.
The seventh is that if there are crocodiles or snakes swimming in the pond in front of the temple, there will be members of the royal family, kings or high officials who are traitors who want to destroy the country and run to seek help from foreigners to help them.
Article 8: If one side of the tree dies, the king or the ruler who leads the country will cease to exist.
Article 9: If the tree dies and grows again, another new lineage will rise to become the king or the ruler of the country.
Article 10: If the tree dies, dies, and does not grow again, the Blessed One will also become extinct. At that time, the Blessed One will be born.
After His Majesty performed the prayer, the first sermon, and solemnly proclaimed the merits of the gods, Indra, Brahma, the lord of water, the lord of earth, the lord of fire, and the sacred objects, as well as the gods, plants, demons, the ancestors who protect the land, the birds that guard the city, He ordered the ten most important people to record and write the ten omens and omens on gold-plated leaves, making two copies, one to be kept in the palace, and the other to be kept in the temple of the Blessed One. Moreover, he ordered and issued orders to the guardians of the sacred places to report to him immediately whenever any strange miracles occurred.
As for the queen of King Paschimkorn, according to the genealogy of the Kok Kag, there was none other than the beautiful young woman from Sre Sen, whom he first saw and met at Prat Neang or Prat Lang. The name of this queen is unknown. She gave birth to three sons for her husband, the king, the king of the kingdom, the king of the kingdom, the king of the kingdom, the king of the kingdom, and the king of the kingdom,
The author mentions the name of Preah Maneang Svay, stating that Preah Maneang was the great queen of the king. With the king, the queen had a son named Alassarach, who was born in the year Vak. However, the genealogy of the Teukwil family states that the great queen of the king The temple was named Wat Khao Kheung Doem, which gradually became "Wat Kdei Doem". This temple is located in Kampong Chin, Stoung District, Kraang Thom Province. Wat Khao Kheung Doem was completed when he prepared to hold the ceremony of burial and passing on according to traditional customs in the year of the rat.
At that time, King Cham Sentra II reigned in Stoung District. The Cham kings in Stoung District had, since ancient times, a long time ago, had a powerful and powerful bow. It shot five arrows at once, making a sound like lightning striking each other. If it hit a tree, all the fruits on the tree would fall off without a trace. These bows could not be placed on the ground, on mattresses or on beds. Therefore, the Cham king built a temple made of bricks and hung the arrows and bows to make a hanging basket. Because of this, the place was named "Sar Thong", which over time became Stoung. The Cham king, King Sendra II, had a daughter named Princess Pov Pisey, who was only 16 years old. She had a beautiful, graceful figure, and was incomparable in beauty. Her character, manners, and protection were also excellent and unique, and were difficult to find.
King Paschim Chamkorn, who was going to perform the funeral rites at the original temple in the province of Stoung, had a large group of soldiers of all ranks accompanying him. Among them were five trusted officials who had always helped him organize the work of serving the land. All five officials were honest, good-natured, and just, and they always followed the king's orders and orders accurately and thoroughly, without any waste or negligence. The five nobles have a wide range of roles and powers over all the people in the kingdom. The five nobles are:
The Ten Thousand Honorable Mentions,
The Ten Thousand Loyalty,
The Ten Thousand Royal Family,
The Ten Thousand Noble Princes,
And the Ten Thousand Noble Counsellors.
In addition to national affairs, these nobles also always do other things to please the king. On the last day of the festival, the Ten Thousand Noble Princes and the Ten Thousand Noble Counsellors, who were looking for a beautiful woman to give to the king, went to tell King Paschim that they had seen Princess Pov Pisey, the daughter of King Chamsentra. She was so beautiful that none of the other princesses in the palace could compare with her. The princess had two princes who were her lovers. The two princes agreed to persuade Princess Pov Pisey to agree to love and befriend the king, King Pashki Chamkorn. The place where the two lovers understood each other and saw Princess Pov Pisey become the "Village of the Princess" forever.
The royal family further states that the city watcher bird loved the princess Pov Pisey with all his heart, without any treachery, deceit, or desire for her only for fun. However, he did not want to marry her according to traditional rules and customs because he was afraid that her father, the Cham king, would demand and force him to adopt the Cham religion. In order for his love to be fulfilled as he wished, and there would be no obstacles to hinder his journey, the city watcher bird went to pray and beg the elders in the country of Stung to help resolve and facilitate the matter for him. He promised, “If it is fulfilled, I will marry you.”
On the 4th day of the month of Phalgun, the year of the Rat, at midnight, Princess Pov Pisey, accompanied by her two sons, left the palace to meet the city watchman as scheduled. The city watchman began to talk and explain his boundless love for her. He begged her to agree to follow him. He went to the city. Princess Pov Pisey, who was pleased with the city watchman's love, did not hesitate for long. She agreed to follow him without hesitation. The city watchman, with the help of his five friends, took Princess Pov Pisey to the boat and set off for the city.
In the morning, King Senrata learned that his daughter had left the palace and run after the city watchman. Angry and deeply offended, the king gathered a large army to chase after his daughter and bring her back. The gathering place became a village and was forever known as Chumpol Village. Chasing after her, the Cham king looked into the distance and saw the Khmer king's boat in the distance. He lost all hope and was ashamed and in pain for the rest of his life.
As for Pov Pisey, after learning that his father had died, accompanied by his husband, King Paschim Chamkorn, she returned to celebrate the festival and send her blessings to her father according to tradition. The princess prepared to build a large, beautiful road.
The place is called "Kampong Pov Pisey". To this day, the princess ordered the bow and arrow to be placed in their original place. She also ordered the construction of a monastery in the royal palace grounds to commemorate the merits and spirit of her father. The monastery was called "King Sentra Monastery", which gradually became "Neat Sentra". At this place, according to tradition, every three years, a sacrifice ceremony is held to bring a serious prisoner to be executed for the ancestor to ask for peace and prosperity. Otherwise, the spirit of King Cham Sentra will enter the body of people and lead them to be crazy, lose their minds, be cruel, betray each other, form a rebel army, kill each other without mercy. This army will be more powerful and influential than all other armies. Since that day, the Cham royal family in the province of Stoung has also disappeared, and the province of Stoung has also been included in the province of Khao Duong.
As for Princess Pov Pisey, when she arrived in the capital of the great kingdom, she was appointed by King Pashki Cham Krung, the title and honor of the Great Queen. She received the title of Princess Phatthawat Pov Pisey. For the old wives in the province of Stoung who helped guide, persuade, and arrange for his love to come true as he wished, he did not forget, he took a gold leaf to seal it for her, according to the vow he had made, and the old wives were called "the old wives who sealed gold" from that day on to this day.
In the history of King Pashki Cham Krung, the 19th Khmer king, the genealogy of Samdech Wang Chuon further recorded that Take He and Yay Lek lived a long life and died one after another of old age. King Paschim Chamkorn held a grand ceremony and offered sacrifices to the two benefactors. He took the remains of Takhe and placed them in a large and beautiful stupa at Tuol Chrey near Wat Vihear Suar, where he had once used inappropriate words to mock Takhe. The place has since been called "Tuol Khae", which is a nickname for Takhe. He took them to the temple of Bako, his hometown, to mourn.
However, according to the Kok Kak family, Takhe was beheaded by King Paschim Chamkorn in order to honor his promise that when he was a child, he had said that if he ascended the throne, he would behead Takhe for a funeral. After killing Takhe, Paschim Chamkorn prepared a grand and solemn funeral for him.
The Tuek Wiel family wrote that Takhe was 91 years old at the time, fell ill and died. The city watchman, who still remembered the joke, said, "Kill the old man to perform the funeral." When he went to perform the funeral, he took the preah khan and dragged him over his body, performing the duties properly, in accordance with the truth. Then he prepared a ceremony with extraordinary generosity for the old man and took the body to the stupa to be placed in the temple. He built a temple there to protect the old man's stupa from the heat of the sun, rain, wind, or being harassed by animals.
However, according to an oral tradition that I once heard my father tell, the city watchman never had a proud, cruel heart and wanted to kill the good old man to perform the funeral. The words that the city watchman said were only words of mockery and humor. On the other hand, the city watchman is a person who takes great credit for his actions. The main reason is that he is a king who has placed his life on a stone. He has a divine mouth. He must uphold the truth and respect every word he speaks. This means that he does not pretend to be a king, a powerful person, who controls all men and women, who constantly uses his power to dictate, change opinions, thoughts, and words, and deceive others as he pleases. Therefore, the gods came down in a dream to remind him of, remember, and obey all the words he had spoken out loud. If he did not obey the truth, all the gods, gods, plants, demons, ghosts, and demons would come down to harass and take the lives of the people, both young and old, men and women, causing the country to be divided, heated, chaotic, and in chaos, and the people would suffer greatly. The city guard tried to perform all kinds of prayers and supplications to ask for forgiveness, to forgive his inappropriate words, and to make fun of him, but still to no avail, because the gods and all the sacred objects would not agree, would not forgive, but the city guard could not commit this crime. Takhe was a man of great kindness, exceeding his own. He tried every means to evade the demands of the evil forces, but he could not evade them. Every night, the evil gods followed him and came to him in dreams, demanding that the city guard respect the truth and execute Takhe. In this state of emergency, fearing that the nation would be destroyed or in danger, Takhe was so kind that he could not insult his life. Finally, the city guard decided to organize a ceremony to execute Takhe in order to fulfill the demands of the evil forces. In this way, he believed and hoped that he could solve the problem of Takhe's life and resolve his words in front of all the gods and sacred objects.
He had Takheh lie down on the bed and covered himself with a white cloth. Then he gently drew the tip of his sword across the white cloth, pretending to kill him. This was to show that Takheh had already left the realm, and that he himself had to be wounded.
The wound was straight where the King of the City Watch had drawn the sword. Misunderstood the wrong estimate and hope of the king, the King of the City Watch cried, his body was torn apart, his heart was heavy with grief, his chest was tight, he missed the kind person who had raised him from his red-footed feet to adulthood, and who had devoted his life to defending the city without fear.
The King of the City Watch ordered a grand funeral to be held for Grandpa Kae, whom he always considered as his grandfather in all circumstances. The citizens and the nobles of the kingdom gathered to mourn the death of the king, and the whole country. As for his mother, Princess Kae, according to the genealogy of Prince Wang Chuon, he lived a long life and died of old age. His remains were placed in the temple of Lalai by his son, King Phasing Chamkorn.
King Samdech Kumdeng Ang Pradeng, King Phasing Chamkorn, the 19th King of Cambodia, died in the year of the Pig at the age of 71. He ruled Cambodia for 44 years.
Notes on the Reign of King Phasing Chamkorn
Through the history of Phasing Chamkorn, we can note many events and things related to the mentality, views on how to govern and lead the nation.
1 - The story of the city watch bird that we just mentioned is a very popular story in Khmer society. From ancient times to the present, Khmer from one generation to the next still know the name of the city watch bird clearly. Although they do not remember the history of the city watch bird in its entirety, the city watch bird is closely linked to the names of villages, districts, and provinces because of the names of rivers, lakes, or streams, which are largely located in southern Cambodian territory. If we examine all the events in the city watch bird closely, we see that they want to emphasize that Khmer history in the future will be turbulent in the southern region. However, we note that King King of the City Watch Bird did not use his own name to name the temples, monasteries, and places in that territory.
Another temple in Siem Reap province, among the Angkor temples, is also called the Temple of the Bird of the City. According to archaeologists, this temple was built in the 10th century. The evidence of the Temple of the Bird of the City can confirm the true history, truth and great prestige of the king. In addition, the popularity of the Bird of the City is located at the important places where the king once took refuge and hid his soul, which has become a sacred place that Khmer people from all over the world, both men and women, young and old, kings and nobles, women and men, laymen and laypeople, and monks believe that it is a place of great power. Every Khmer always goes to pray and pray. These sacred places are mainly such as Wat Vihear Suar or Phnom Prasit, etc. 😆 Therefore, Mr. Thiv Chaileang, a famous Khmer writer, took up the story of the Bird of the City and compiled it into a historical novel, published in 1955. This work was very successful in the Khmer community. A street in Phnom Penh was also named the City Bird Street in the 1970s, and some Khmer musicians named their orchestra the City Bird Orchestra.
2 - Through the history of the City Bird, we observe and notice that the Khmer kings, the Khmer rulers, did not think of anything other than their throne and their own dictatorial power. The Khmer kings, the leaders of the Khmer nation, did not hesitate to kill their own people in order to remain kings, to cling to power, to sit on the throne, even though they were capable and brought only suffering, war, and disaster to the people. In this capacity, in the history of the City Bird, the Khmer kings or leaders were never willing to admit that they were incompetent, that they were stupid, that they were weak, that they made mistakes, that they could not do anything. In Khmer history until now, we have never seen a leader who governs the country or a responsible person who has the courage to admit and admit any of his mistakes or wrongdoings. If we look at the leaders of the country, all the Khmer politicians, all the parties, all the factions, we see that none of them are bad or incompetent. Each one is knowledgeable, knowledgeable, capable, and powerful, no one can compare to them. Each one loves the nation, almost devouring it without leaving anything behind.
The end result is that the Khmer nation is shrinking, shrinking, and shrinking. The Khmer ancestral heritage is gradually disappearing, and the Khmer people are suffering, dying, fleeing, and becoming poorer without any time. Since the end of the 16th century, when Banteay Longwek was scattered under the Siamese army, the Khmer have only encountered the flames of war, shedding blood and losing millions of lives, scattered, their families, without food, water, shelter, and medicine, suffering endless sorrow and grief, and not knowing how to rest. Whose fault is this? Who is responsible for the spirits of the Khmer ancestors? If each Khmer leader is good, pure, capable, and knows how to love the nation and serve the people without any flaws. In Khmer history, since the post-Longwek era, we Khmer have never been able to find a magic formula, find a way, find a way to solve the problems of our time.
The Khmer people always run to foreign countries to help solve their problems and only trust in foreign countries. They have faith in foreign countries rather than in the Khmer people who are blessed, knowledgeable, and capable.
3 - Therefore, the Khmer king or the leader of the Khmer nation must hate, must eliminate, must kill, and destroy all the blessed, capable, and wiser than themselves. To put it bluntly, they consider the knowledgeable or the blessed to be the greatest enemy of their throne or rule. They must take measures to eliminate the blessed, to make them disappear. The blessed are the ones who are deeply knowledgeable and capable, who can bring light, a new hope for the people who are oppressed, persecuted, silenced, blinded, deafened, and deprived of their freedom. The presence of the blessed or the knowledgeable or the capable can shake the power of the king who leads the country, and make themselves the detriment of the kings of the group of dictators who only think of trampling and farming on the backs of the people. This is why the king and the national leaders, who only care about their own power and personal benefits, and their factions, have been killing and killing all the nobles, the learned, the learned, and the capable of building and saving the nation. King Brahmakel was very worried and feared losing the throne when he learned that the Blessed One had been born for 10 months. King Ponhea Krek or Brahmakel, in order to protect and maintain his power and throne, ordered his soldiers, both large and small, to capture all the women in the kingdom who were 10 months pregnant and kill them so that there would be none left. When he learned that the Blessed One had not died, Ponhea Krek or Brahmakel also raised a large army to chase and kill the birds that were waiting for the city and the city, even though he knew that the children were his own blood relatives.
The events in the history of King Pasi Cham Kor can reflect other events in Khmer history that have lasted to this day. Recent evidence During the Khmer Rouge genocide, the main goal of these executioners was to capture and kill the virtuous or the learned, the knowledgeable, or the capable. The virtuous, the knowledgeable, the capable. During the Khmer Rouge genocide, they did not need to put their hands and feet on the ground to find the government like in the era of the city guard! Any Khmer person who wore glasses, had a beard, or could read a little bit of writing was accused of being a virtuous, an intellectual, a knowledgeable person, an enemy of the reactionary state, the party, and the revolution. On the other hand, after the massacre, in order to prevent the virtuous from being born, how should the ignorant people be kept in ignorance? When the ignorant people do not know the wind, do not know the direction of the area, then the leaders in power can do whatever they want without fear of the people opposing, opposing, accusing, or prosecuting them. In this view, they smashed and destroyed temples, statues, burned scriptures, and monasteries, which are a fundamental part of Khmer culture. Evidence of this is not limited to the past! Recently, during the Khmer Rouge era, we have seen how the Khmer Rouge regime brutally oppressed, killed, and destroyed the nation. These bloodthirsty, brutal dictators who only loved power and traded in national wealth had no thoughts, feelings, or concerns about national education. They had to use all means to prevent and suppress the people from acquiring new knowledge, new theoretical concepts, and various civilized cultures. The methods they used included the use of threats, intimidation, deception, accusations of subversion, treason, imprisonment, torture, or killing to eliminate traces, etc. At this point in Khmer history, we observe that the rulers of the Khmer nation always considered the virtuous or knowledgeable to be their greatest and most mortal enemies. They do not like to gather these noble and capable people around to discuss and help solve the problems of the country. Khmer kings or Khmer leaders only like ignorant, lazy, incompetent people who know nothing but to kneel, bow, and answer "Your Majesty" like a parrot. This kind of interest makes them confused about the mentality and views of the group of noble people. Those who have knowledge, ability, and merit cannot kneel and ask for merit, those who are incapable. On the other hand, Khmer kings and Khmer politicians are always confused, believing that they can live in power forever, that this power and this land are their exclusive property. They never think that without the noble, knowledgeable, and capable people, the country will decline, weaken, and be destroyed, and at that time they will also be swept away and run away from the country. But if there are noble people, if the people are knowledgeable, capable, strong, strong, prosperous, then they also have honor, are loved, respected, feared by the people, and have prestige in the world.
What the dictators and Khmer politicians fail to realize is that while they are killing and destroying the noble people, they are destroying the soul of the nation, making the nation weak and oppressed, and they are also serving foreign interests.
In the history of the city, there is not only condemnation and blame for the king or the national leader who only thinks about the kingdom.
Not only does tyranny and the killing and destruction of all the virtuous or knowledgeable and capable people not only occur, we also notice that there is an embedded political theory that is a lesson for governing and leading the country better.
1 - In particular, in the search for peace, one must think about how to avoid, avoid, and avoid war, which is the source of all kinds of evil and disaster to the people and the life of the country. King Gotama, Amar Devaraja or Dambang Kranhong, the 17th King of Cambodia, when he knew for sure that he was no longer virtuous and capable, he was willing to surrender to the new virtuous King, King Ponhea Krek or Brahma Kel. He was willing to give up and step down from the throne from power to avoid a war that would cause the people to suffer, and his relatives and family members to be destroyed because of him.
King Baekjem of the city of Bamrung, although he knew himself to be a nobleman and had suffered endless suffering at the hands of King Ponna Krek, did not come forward to raise an army and create chaos to fight against this king in order to seize the royal property. He did not use his personal grievances to mix and joke with the problems of the life of the nation. He was willing to hide himself and live far away from the great kingdom. Because he knew very well what it was like to be separated from relatives, what it was like to flee from his hometown, what it was like to suffer, to be hungry, helpless, and to suffer terribly. He did not want his people and kingdom to encounter these disasters and become weak due to war and division. 2 - In governing and leading the nation, kings, leaders, and politicians must adhere to the truth, the principles of justice, and the words spoken with each mouth are all recorded, listened to, and remembered. They are all meaningful and have weighty content that can make the country become good or bad. Those words, even if they are the king of the earth, the leader of the nation, and have great and powerful dictatorship, cannot be changed, changed, lied to, forgotten, or disrespected. Those who dare to change, forget, and disrespect their words, without truth, are like betraying the people and their country.
If a king, leader, or Khmer politician does not adhere to the truth, forgets his words, changes up and down endlessly, without knowing, lies, and deceives the people tirelessly, then the nation will inevitably be filled with anger, turmoil, conflict, chaos, and disaster. At that time, even though he tried to make alms, and had a lot of money and coins to buy or to throw away, that king or politician could not escape. That king or politician was bound by his words forever and ever until the end of the world, and those who had deceived the ignorant people like that, how could they be trusted in the future? King Paschim, because of his mocking words, thought that all his words were meaningless and had no effect, and had to use all his strength and power and sacred objects to warn and discipline them to respect and follow the words that were spoken, because the words of the king or the leader of the kingdom that were spoken were the truth. The city watchman tried his best to prepare a ritual to deceive the gods, but all the gods still refused to accept it and the gods and sacred objects still demanded that they obey the truth. Otherwise, they would come and take the lives of the people and cause the entire country to experience only suffering, fear, destruction, and destruction. If they obeyed the truth, for the sake of the country, the city watchman had to sacrifice himself to kill the great and great benefactor.
3 - Another characteristic of the king or the leader of the country is to know and recognize what is virtue and mercy. It is the virtue that brings goodness and prosperity. A person who uses virtue and mercy as a principle in life or in governing, leading, and building the country cannot become a cruel, cruel person who is thirsty for blood, war, and loves tyranny. At that time, the kingdom and its people will enjoy unity, peace, happiness, and prosperity.
The King of the City, the Bird of the City, in his lifetime, never forgot anyone who had done good to him. Even animals like the white mouse king, even deserted places, and spiritless ancestors, he would always remember and remember them. On the contrary, a king or leader who is cruel, knows no kindness, knows no sin, and has no mercy cannot remain in power for long. The people will hate him, lose their trust, lose faith in him, no longer value him, no longer respect him, and history will judge, punish, and question his descendants until the end of time. And that sin will come to him with fresh eyes, demanding immediate repayment.
The Royal Family from King Paschim Chamkorn
As we have mentioned in the previous section, various Khmer genealogies have recorded differently the number and names of King Paschim Chamkorn's sons. The genealogist Samdech Wang Chuon wrote that in the year Vak, Queen Svay, the Queen Mother, gave birth to a son named Alasarachai.
King Alasarachai
After King Paschim Chamkorn, the 19th Khmer king, died, the son of Alasarachai ascended the throne of Cambodia in his place. The coronation
It was organized in a grand manner in Mahanakorn on the 13th day of the month of Pus, year of Kor, B.E. 1615, which is 993 B.E. 433, and 1071 CE. At that time, the King was 16 years old, he was the 20th king. He was called Preah Bat Samdech Preah Alsavaroronsi Cheatkhatra Maharajathiracha. This king was very lazy, so the people called him "King Kamjil Ash".
In the year of Jot, he had a son with Princess Mai, named Wuddhiya. In the year of Kal, Princess Mai gave birth to another son, named Singha Koma (1). King Alsava ruled Cambodia for 41 years and died in the year of Tha at the age of 56 due to a serious illness. Preah Wuddhiya, the eldest son of King Alsavaro, succeeded his father as king.
King Wudhiya
The coronation ceremony of King Wudhiya as King of Cambodia was held on the auspicious day of the 11th day of the month of Kathik, year of the year 1655, corresponding to 1033 AD, 473 AD, and 1111 AD. At that time, he was 16 years old, he was the 21st King of Cambodia, he received the title of King Wudhiya Mahanakorn Rint, Raja Niraj Parampapit, the royal palace was located in Mahanakorn.
He was very fond of poetry, poetry, and the style of poetry, which is why the villagers gave him the name King Poom Nol. As for his younger brother, Preah Sinha Koma, who since he was a child was always curious, asking questions, and thinking endlessly, was given the name King Kangkha or King Takreng by the people.
King Wuddhiya had no son, and after 37 years of Cambodian rule due to a serious illness, the 20th Khmer King died in the year of Thax at the age of 52. All the officials unanimously agreed to invite King Singha Koma to succeed him as king.
King Singha Kong
On the 13th day of the month of Phalkun, Thax, B.E. 1691, corresponding to 1068 AD, 509 CE, and corresponding to 1147 AD, King Singha Koma was crowned as the 22nd King of Cambodia. He was 38 years old. His royal title was King Singha Konga Maharajathi Raj. The ancestors of King Wang Chuon noted that this king, when faced with every problem, would think carefully and analyze every aspect, never neglecting anything, and therefore, what he decided to do was never wrong. Because of this quality, people called him King Krang or King Takrang. In the year of the King, Queen Pov gave birth to a son named Senkaraja.
After reigning over Cambodia for 49 years, King Singha Kangha died in the year of the King at the age of 86 due to old age. The son of Preah Senkaraja was asked by many nobles, both young and old, to ascend to the throne of Cambodia and continue the royal line from his father.
Notes
1 - In the matter of the descendants of King Paschim Chamkorn, the Khmer genealogy committee led by Samdech Sangha Ngoc Tieng, which also included Samdech Sangha Ngoc Pan, wrote that he had a son named Botumvong. This king, who went on vacation to Tuol Bashan, fell in love with and married Neang Neak. He had a son, Ponha Rong, and another son with magical eyes, Preah Botum Suryavong. Preah Botum Suryavong had a son named King Kamchila Ache, who ruled the Khmer kingdom for 190 years.
2 - As for the genealogy of the water cycle, it was also noted that King Kamchila Ache was the son of King Botum Suryavong, but Preah Botum Suryavong was the son of King Atidvong. Preah Botum Suryavong and his concubine, Preah mother Neang Botum Kesor, had a son named King Kamchila in the year of Vak, and in the year of Char, she had another son named Ponha Reach. The chronicler of the water cycle wrote that King Kamjil-Ach was very lazy. He was lazy from the moment he walked, slept, and learned. When he grew up, one day his relatives took him to play in the forest. Exhausted, he stopped to rest and lay down under a tree near the river. Because he was blessed to be crowned king of Cambodia, the gods sent him to become an animal and fly to cry in King Kamjil-Ach’s ear. He was very angry, caught the animal and gave it to his female companions to roast and cook for him to drink. When he finished eating, at the same time, the gods made him drink nectar. Immediately, King Kamjil-Ach was able to remember and never forget all the knowledge without having to work hard to learn. The next day, King Kamjil-Ach, his brother, appointed him to rule the territory on Koh Rissey Keo. He was given the title of Chao Ponharacha Metrei, receiving additional duties from the king. King Kamjila Ache was to take care of, provide for, and provide for the five monasteries and the stupa that enshrines the Unnalom. Because he received water and alms from the gods, King Kamjila Ache lived a long life. He reigned for 190 years and died at the age of 205.
3 - On the other hand, through the genealogy of Samdech Wang Chuon, we notice that after the king died, many nobles, both young and old, went to ask the king to ascend the throne, a fact that we have not noticed in previous kings. Therefore, we can ask whether this was the method of choosing the king in that era or just a new addition by the author to be in line with the history of the national society.
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